Cyber Security Vulnerabilities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Cyber Security Vulnerabilities - Essay ExampleAs per Gartner, 70% of security system incident occur internally i.e. from the organization premises (Dickerson, 2004). Likewise, in September 2004, HFC bank that is one of the largest banks in the UK sent an email to their 2600 customers mentioning that an internal in operation(p) error has made recipients email address visible to bothone within the email. Consequently, out of office feature was triggered from some of the customers and their personal phone numbers and other lucubrate were shared with each other (Dickerson, 2004). This shows that even simplest of mistakes can lead to an even bigger problem. As information systems are now considered as the fundamental function, every organization acquires information systems for occupation automation, better customer service and ROI (return on investment). Moreover, electronic commerce has also introduced many businesses that are only virtually present. For instance, virago that is an online store for selling books generates revenue from the Internet. Customers pay via credit cards for the purchased books that are delivered to them. In this scenario, any sort of security breach may inject an SQL injectant or cross site scripting attack on the website can affect the business as well as customer confidence. ... It is the responsibility of the organization to comfort and secure data privacy. However, there is not a single law that states how to traction customer information. For this reason, organizations sell or trade customer information with business partners and even to third parties. Likewise, sometimes the sole purpose of this personal data exchange is funds. Although, every online organization has a privacy policy which states how they will handle and secure customer data but at the same time there is no verification criteria. In the following sections, we will critically esteem a single most cyber security weakness for IT managers within an organization . Likewise, our main argument will cover different domains i.e. the local area network, applications, hardware, transmission media, first step networking, intranet, extranet etc. As per (Libicki, 2009) In theory, all computer mischief is ultimately the fault of the systems owner if not because of misuse or misconfiguration, because because of using a system with security bugs in the first place. In practice, all computer systems are susceptible to errors. The divergence between design and polity is a consequence of the complexity of software systems and the potential for human error. The more than complex the system and they do get continually more complex the more places there are in which errors can hide Association and Weakness The above mentioned argument is indicating to a vulnerability resides within the system that can be utilized for hackers to gain access and is known as exploit. Apart from this inherent risk resulting from inadequate coding practices, human element is also considered as a serious threat that is not limited to hardware,

The effect of the U.S. Subprime Crisis to the China commercial banks Dissertation

The effect of the U.S. Subprime Crisis to the china commercial banks in 2008-2013 - Dissertation ExampleA careful analysis of the sub-prime crisis reveals that it was created from the slump in housing prices that created a bubble of expectations among investors. By the end of third quarter of 2007, the prices of underlying assets declined drastically and the value of mortgage based securities was higher than asset. This motivated investors to default on mortgages as they felt that actual worth of asset is not worth repayment. The depressing effect was amplified further by securitization of assets. The impact of sub-prime crisis was not limited to US banks entirely almost all commercial banks and financial institutions around the world that had considerable exposure in US Mortgage Backed Securities (MBS) were either affected at once or indirectly from the subprime crisis. In order to rescue the financial market, the US Federal Reserve responded swiftly through cutting key monetary indemnity interest rates and also extended financial support to mortgage lenders and house buyers who were defaulted or would seemingly default. The objective of the determine is to reveal the effect of the U.S. Subprime Crisis to the China commercial banks in 2008-2013. In order to achieve objective the study coers the literature review and theoretical framework of the topic. Research design has been done with the designing of selecting appropriate methodology and data collection analysis. Moreover the data analysis will help to get the findings of the project. After interpreting the research findings, finally the study ends with conclusion, recommendations and reflections. Background of the Study Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae was together accountable for almost half of the mortgage market in US which is valued to be worth over US$ 10 trillion. The many previous studies have also found that the government of China is among the top five international holders of Fannie Mae and Freddi e Mac long-term debt. The vernacular of China announced that it had Freddie and Fannie bonds worth $7.5 billion at the end of August 2008 after cutting its holdings by 25 percent. The countrys largest commercial lender, ICBC express that at the end of August 2008 it held bonds in Freddie and Fannie debt worth $465 million in addition to $2.2 billion in mortgage backed securities issued by the US companies. The reciprocal ohm largest

Experimental economics, history of trust game Essay

Experimental economics, history of assurance game - Essay ExampleThis is why on that point is sometimes a collusive tendency in an oligopoly. There are four distinct models of it, namely, the kinked demand curve, cost-plus pricing, the price leadership and collusive pricing (McConnell and Stanley, p.224). The number one experiment conducted relative to the Ultimatum Game was by German economists Guth, Schmittberger and Schwarze or collectively known as GSS in 1982. What they dis was to divide 42 students where one is shammer 1 or the allocator and the other is Player 2 or the recipient. Each Player 1 is asked to allocate however much of the German marks to Player 2. The core of the experiment is simple, if the allocator does not give the recipient anything then they both receive nothing, after a week they were asked to return. This is the basic principle of a simple Ultimatum Game. They found that it is much easier to interpret the bahavior of the recipients. A low cover is view ed as an offshoot of a sacrifice rather than accepting the low amount. The pursuit week, the offer of the allocators became much less while there are two motives in the offer of allocators. The first motive is simple fairness and the other is disquiet over rejection because they may see that an unfair amount may be rejected. It may be either of these reasons or both that ise moving factor for their offer (Thaler, p.196-197). Berg, Dickhaut and McCabe performed an experiment to determine trust behavior among comsumers in a controlled environment. The basis of their study is anonymity. In the presence of which, consumer behavior is reverted to nonexistent as there is no knowledge or relation between buyer and seller at first meeting. This is presupposed by Arrows suggestion that transaction costs trust is ubiquitous to almost every economic transaction (p.123). Moved by questions of factors affecting trust in economic behavior, the experiment sets out to eliminate preconceive notion s and subject the participants into a trust game. The experiment guaranteed complete anonymity and the participants only get to invest once, thereby, they controlled the setting and eliminate(d) mechanisms which could sustain investment without trust these mechanisms include reputations from fictionalize interactions, contractual precommitments, and potential punishment threats (idem). The experiment found that there exists reciprocity and that decisions of the subjects depend upon their interpretation of each rooms behavior. If it depends upon mutual benefit, then the there is a higher likelihood to reciprocate in that scenario and it is conjunctured with trust. Social history was found to be a determining factor in this analysis. This factor inclines the soul toward trusting the other. To further eliminate this fator, those who are recruited were not a part of any previous sessions and they were provided a summary a no history ambit affects the results (p. 124). The participant s were given $10 to invest at various stages throughout the experiment. The experimenters expected that they bequeath realize sending money in the first stage is bad as there is no concrete evidence of reciprocity. In stage two, it was predicted that they will release money and third where money triples, it is the ideal stage that they will send their money. As a result, they concluded that primitives trust and reciprocity are the moving facors in decision-making among the investors. By inventing property rights and allowing social history, society stimulates norms of

IRAC Method Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

IRAC Method - Essay ExampleMoreover, the method distinguishes the relevant laws that be used by the court with facts and justifies effective resolution (California State University, n.d.). Therefore, the paper intends to briefly discuss about the case of Reid v. hiding through analyzing an effective IRAC method. The discussion of the report volition be highly focused on demonstrating the overall scenario including the problem, relevant commandments concerning the case as well as final outcomes of the court. Background of the Case (Reid v. Covert) The case of Reid v Covert (354 U.S. 1) can be considered as one of the major milestone cases addressed by the Supreme Court of the United States. The case had been conducted during the year of 1955 against Mrs. Clarice Covert for killing her sergeant husband in the armament base. During the case of Mrs. Covert concerning her suspected offense, a jurisdiction agreement had been ascertained to be present amid the United States and the Un ited Kingdom which further authorized the military court of the US to take adequate jurisdiction right over the crime conducted in the UK military base by servicemen of the US or by their dependents (Cornell University Law School, n.d.). IRAC Method Assessment Issue The case of Reid v. Covert can be observed as a major decisive case adjudicated by the US Supreme Court which incorporated principle constitutional issues. The case was documented in No. 701, October Term, 1955 in which Mrs. Covert had been convicted for killing her husband who was a sergeant in the US Air Force. The incident had taken place at an airbase hardened in the United Kingdom. According to the case, it has been observed that Mrs. Covert was not a part of the armed services and she was live in the military base with her husband during the incident period. Moreover, the trial related to the issue was conducted based on the charges selected by the personnel of the Air Force. The major issue that emerged from the case was regarding a clash in the midst of the Constitution of a country and an enacted treaty. Raise of constitutional issue was the major concern within the case. The issue raised a question regarding the role contend by the military to a lower place the governmental system. The issue also raised the Bill of Rights related concern. In this case, for the first time, after the implementation of the Constitution, wives of any soldier had been deprived of trial prior to a court-martial (Cornell University Law School, n.d.). Rule With regard to the case of Reid v. Covert, it has been recognized that the draw rein of law applied was Article 118 under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ). With reference to this article, court-martial took place which comprised officers of the Air Force. Through the court martial under the Article 2 (11) of UCMJ normal was affirmed over Mrs. Covert. Any treaty or provision agreed upon by the US comes under consideration of the article and are regarded as rule enacted beneath international law. Moreover, all individuals employed by or serving with or accompanying the military forces devoid of the continental periphery of the US are also considered. The other rules of law relate to the verdict provided regarding case by Air Force Board of Review, 16 CMR 465, which was reversed by the verdict presented by the Court of Military Appeals. Furthermore, with regard to the case Fifth as well as Sixth Amendments of the Constitution were of significance (Cornell University Law School, n.d.). Analysis It can be analyzed with the regard to the case that the counsel in authority for Mrs. Covert argued that she was in an insane state of physical condition while she murdered her husband. However, the military tribunal deemed

Biomedical Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Biomedical Ethics - Essay ExampleAccording to Starson, taking the medication would disrupt him from move his research being a gifted theoretical physicist, he believed that this research was the only reason he felt his life carried a meaning. In this sense, being unable to carry on with it would simply render his life useless and meaningless. However, the physician felt that Starsons refusal was informed by his inability to appreciate the value of treatment. Consequently, the physicians petitioned to rescue Starsons treatment decision transferred to a surrogate. Though the petition was granted, Starson would later appeal, and the petition was reversed at the Supreme Court of Canada. The Supreme Court held that a tolerant, in this baptistery Starson, was not required to make a decision that is in their best interest as determined by the physician, and thence they are permitted to dissent with a treatment recommendation. The Court also reasoned that Starson was a competent patien t capable of making his own medical decisions. This case has both legal and ethical implications firstly, this study delves into examining the ethicalness in a physician imposing treatment, and secondly, the study also confronts at physicians position in determining a patients best interest whether they are entitled to make this decision on behalf of the patient and how far can they go with this. The study will also look at the concept of informed consent and the idea of competence. Argument 1 The above case represents a conflict of these two rather ethical considerations. On the one hand, the physician feels accommodateled to do what he believes is in the best interest of the patient. On the other hand, the patient feels that it is his right to refuse medication based on his own grounds. Under these circumstances, how far is the physician expected to go with his persistence? Most legal cases, not only in Starsons case, often stay the position of the patient. This is referred to as patient autonomy. The principle of patient autonomy states that competent patients have the opportunity to choose among medically indicated treatment and to refuse any abdicable treatment. Under these circumstances, the physician must respect the patients decision. It is necessary to understand that treatment decisions are not only based on prey medical considerations but also involve a considerable level of personal value judgments and preferences (Meier, Isaacs, and Hughes 95). Therefore, to some extent, the physician may compel a patient to take a certain medication not only because it is the right and objective medical step but also because he feels, based on his values and preferences, it is the right thing. For the latter, he is imposing his personal feelings, not professional mandate, to the patient. In these cases, a physician may be ethically driven to compel a patient to take medication because he feels it is the right thing to do. However, it is essential to note th at a physician demonstrates respect for human dignity, a biomedical ethical consideration, when he acknowledges the freedom and right of the patient to make choices based on their own beliefs and values (Kluge 7). Perhaps another consideration arising from Starsons case is the idea of sound medical treatment. Starson, for some reason, felt that the medication offered was disruptive and would interfere with his ability to complete his physics research. Indeed, physicians are ethically forbidden to

Rape cases in higher learning institutions Research Paper

Rape cases in higher learning institutions - Research composition ExampleThe argument about false rape claims discusses various condition categories of false rape perpetrators which include attention seeking persons, vengeance people, psychological crazy people as well as those driven by greed for power and or money (Charen, 2014). Some faulty victims may attempt to delineate a false rape out of curiosity. They may be interested in realizeing what will happen to people around them. Distraction is another(prenominal) cause for one to present a false rape allegation. They may want to distract the police, family, or even friend from a particular occurrence (Charen, 2014).False rape cases in colleges and universities are mainly affiliated with attention seeking. A victim may falsely claim rape in rate to seek attention from the individuals he or she is interested in. For instance, a woman may falsely accuse her boyfriend of rape in order to communicate his attention. For example, it is noticeable that women do lie about rape. Jackies story has discrepancies does not necessarily mean she was maliciously lying and it certainly does not mean that other women who news report sexual assault were probably lying (Jaschik, 2014, p. 3).Students also may report the false rape to seek their parents attention. Parents may neglect their children objet dart in colleges and universities. This may affect the child psychologically leading him or her to report false rape. Jaschik says, Its very common for victims of trauma not to know every single detail.Revenge is also another cause that leads victims to report false rape.

Great Balls of Flowers Essay Example for Free

Great Balls of Flowers Es interpretThroughout Steve Abeess sacred scripture Great Balls of Flowers the reoccurring themes that arise are sex, manage, family and life. at heart each poem he threads in a minimum of two themes, interweaving them so all the themes at last overlap. The themes of sex, chicane and family are each congresswoman of a major comp whizznt of his life. His book give ins readers shrewdness as to what Abee is thinking and feeling within each poem, making them extremely personal for the reader. The title of the book was take tomingly derived from Jerry Lee Lewiss Song Great Balls of Fire which was written in 1957 on the motion picture based on Jerry Lee Lewis which was released in 1989. The movie deales Lewis controversial life and his rise and fall as a rock star. Lewis suffered from substance ab commit and resorted to alcoholism when times got bad. His song Great Balls of Fire is stringently inner discussing the arousal of a man, this song was one of Lewis major hits. Abees title Great Balls of Flowers is so appropriate especially with his replacement of fire with flowers. Flowers practice the softer connotation of love and peacefulness as Abee explains how hes overcome his issues with the love he feels and receives from his family.Within select poems his love for his married woman and children are startlingly apparent. He portrays himself with raw emotions that seem unbreakable. In the poem Poem to my Wife, he states, I love you so much that when I touch you my fingers binge into miniature suns shining. His portrayal of everlasting love and lust for his wife gives the reader insight as to his most personal and inner thoughts and emotions. Because of the rawness and bluntness of his emotions It is evident his rime was apply as an escape for Abee. His attachment to his wife leads the reader to think as a child there were issues with his family.Romance isnt the only typesetters case of love Abee discusses, as he also me ntions the love he has for his children. For his youngest daughter, Abee states her voice opens me identical breath. He continues on to state Im trying to be good now Im trying not to be bad, this gives the reader the idea that his children are now the motivation for him. It seems as if he had antecedently struggled with a personal issue that has disappeared because of the arrival of his children. Substance abuse seems appropriate as he refines it in the poem Sucks when he says beer sucks.Its good exclusively it sucks. cannabis sucks Crystal Meth sucks so bad. His allusions to these substances would tie in as a strong connexion to the title, Great Balls of Flowers. Abee never fails to insert a sexual hint within the majority of his poems. One example of his sexual references arise in the poem gunman, Abee states when I lick your secrets, bombs begin to fall from your thighs. His continual sexual references tie in greatly with the title, Great Balls of Flowers because it al ludes to the 1957 hit song discussing sex.Sex seems to be a dominant theme throughout the book, as it was throughout many another(prenominal) of Jerry Lee Lewis songs as well. Abees continuous blunt sexual references free him from the shackle soft society as he isnt scared to discuss topics that seem controversial. His direct statements give the book a potent feel and, honest take on life. As the book goes on you can see the meniscal details in life that are typically overlooked are what Abee thrives upon. His poems are real portrayals of his daily routine and it gives the reader a personal connection with him and his mindset.Great Balls of Flowers consists of poems covering the themes of sex, love, family and life. His title is so appropriate these four themes are the pieces of Abees life which he discusses in his poetry giving readers in insight into his alternative perspective on life and love. Throughout Great Balls of Flowers Steve Abee uses picry to abet develop his whole step and themes in his various poems. His use of mental imagery creates a candid picture that the reader can connect with. Those images, which are typically familiar to the reader help the reader, better understand the point Abee is trying to make.Abee uses a mix of concrete imagery alongside emblematical imagery, creating numerous layers for the reader to divulge in as the poems go on. One example of the imagery used is in the poem Hail to the Things I Can Not See. Abee states Oh wind keeping seagulls aloft, squawking and hovering over my daughters and my hot dogs at Santa Monica Pier. His use of imagery in this recite sets the setting for this poem. Along with it building a setting, it gives the poem a nostalgic feel because thats where the author grew up.The familiar sounds he describes connect the reader to the beach, which carries visible light and happy connotations, reinforcing the nostalgic feel while integ confessing the positive tone. The city scape imagery portra ys Abee as a city boy, giving readers an image of him. His collocation of the city scene with much symbolic imagery gives the reader insight to what he sees life as helping him break free from the connotations that come with city boy. The stanza after the one previously stated says, oh the gravity that holds the trees up and my bones together, using imagery in more of a symbolic sense.Although gravity is something not visible to the human eye, Abee portrays it in a way that is viable to the reader. The contrast of the tangible with the symbolic give the poem a deeper feel. other example of imagery can be seen in the poem, Poem to My Wife, Abee states the innocent sea shore of our kiss, where hippies play on tambourine brain heat up ukulele and we dance on crab grass sand. His use of imagery in this quote not only sets the scene for this particular stanza but sets the mood for the entire poem.His use of the word ukulele gives the reader the view of the upbeat instrument that plays purely cheerful melodies, while the sand gives the reader an image of the beach giving the poem a bright tone. As he explains how they dance to the upbeat tunes, the reader can feel the joy radiating wrap up the happy couple. This portrayal of why Abee is so infatuated with this wife, not only gives readers an insight into his marriage but an insight to his heart and what makes him happy. Within the poem previously discussed Abee states, language rising up into a ball of Christmas lights, poof, explosion of holiday love. This use of imagery is purely symbolic words are personified to express his love for his wife giving the reader an idea of how extreme his passion is for his mate. His use of the image Christmas Lights give off the connotations of the holiday which is centered on love and happiness. These connotations give the poem an upbeat and warm tone, while the reader starts to see Abee in a different more loving sort of light. Along with the holiday connotations, his use of words like explosion give the poem a more passionate and yearning sort of feel, giving readers visuals of the intensity of his love.Abees use of imagery greatly constructs the tone and theme of the poem. Throughout the book there are instances where symbolic and tangible imagery contrast, following the same sort of pattern showed in this poem. This contrast sets the setting then divulges into Abees inner thoughts, giving readers a better perception of the author and a deeper understanding of his poetry. Throughout Great Balls of Flowers Steve Abee uses personification, similes and metaphors in various poems. Each of these devices holds a different effect over the reader, emphasizing and creating different images for the reader.Each example of figurative language holds a different effect on the reader but in all the point of the insertions of the figurative language is to accentuate the purpose of each poem. Steve Abee uses various similes in the poem, Poem to my Wife, one example o f this can be seen in the quote, loving you is like surfing the wave of benevolent impulse. In this poem he is describing the intese love he feels for his wife and uses a simile to explain to the reader the extensity of his overwhelming emotions for her.Using the word benevolent describes the gentleness of the love the duo share while impose gives readers a sense of the intensity that kindness carries. Abee compares the love they share to surfing a wave giving readers a familiar image to compare the ride he feels with her. The insertion of a metaphor adds another layer to the poem , leaving room for interpretation from there reads, which contrasts well as Abee is explaining like his poetry , his love for his wife has numerous layers. Within the poem previously discussed, Abee uses personification to further explain the love he feels for his wife.The quote goes as follows, But it (poem) wouldnt be able to help itself. Abee is explaining what a poem to his wife would consist of, and that is where he inserts the above quote. The use of personifications gives the reader a sense of how alive his love for his wife is. The intensity of his love cant be explained with the used of an inanimate object so personifying the poem gives his love an image. Along with the aspect of imagery rat personification brings, it sets a tone for the entire poem. The personification of the poem gives the literal poem a loud but allusive tone.In the poem Gas Station, the entire first stanza consists of metaphors, Abee states, Steve Abee is a gas station. To start things off the first impression this holds on the reader is a whirlwind of thoughts in hope to learn what he could possibly mean by this statement. As he continues on he states numerous other figures are gas stations such as Jesus Christ, and Jack Kerouac. Continuing on he states how gas stations are lonesome and lovely and sit on the edge of a light-haired skirt desert.His descriptions of gas stations set the tone for the p oem as morbid and sadas the reader is visualizing a delegate range that people use then leave. Both Fries and Christ underwent great suffering throughout their lives which ultimately resulted in their deaths, which connects to the end of the stanza where Abee states, As we move from coast to graveyard. Using the metaphor not only on himself but on other figures not only gives readers an image to connect his emotions to but it also shows readers that in person this is what he perceives life as, a journey where humans are used and abused , then die.His metaphor emphasizes his main idea for that poem while accentuating the tone that is apparent throughout the rest of the poem. Abee uses all these forms of figurative language to emphasize are ideas and highlight the tones that are seen in his various poems. They also all help connect back to the main themes which can be seen throughout the poem. In all each device helps give readers the image in which Abee intends from them to see, w hile display readers how he personally feels.If I was to pull through a poem to you it would go something like this As I sit and reminisce, a wave of nostalgia overcomes me, leaving me strangulation and gasping for relief, as I drown in memories of forgotten promises faded secrets Next, id talk about how your laugh was like the church bells ringing on Sunday morning, clear and crisp in the sunny sky, particles of sound dancing with the rhythm of love If I were to write you a poem I would use words like gifted and good, the gentle gem in a mound of rocks, something like that.I would have pointless passages explaining the magnetic pull we felt between us, I would illuminate the page with the sparks we once shared, fireworks over a lake of washed out feelings, calmly disappearing into a an abyss of darkness If I was going to write you a poem it would have words It would have words describing our love, words only cupid knows, words of joy and happiness. Words to explain how you make me feel , words that would flow out of my mouth into my hand and onto paper like a stream flows into the ocean, twisting and turning then eventually colliding with the salty sea water, slow integrating themselves till they are one.To be honest the poem I would write would have a dark side, a side of sadness and longing, unreasonably irrational and unhealthily attached. I would say things like I miss you and come back. I love you more than you could ever know I need you more than the grass needs rain. Your love warms me and keeps me alive, your love completed me. The poem would say you cant love another, you can only love me. I would say please come back, I would say Im sorry. I would say we were perfect together, we were soul mates.I would say no one else can hold you no one else can touch you or call you theirs. The poem would say how could you? How could you love another, how could you be with another or kiss another. How could you leave me? The poem would be like that, angry. Y es angry, sad, mournful and dark, with flashes of light flickering in the darkness. The poem would be sealed in a bottle, and thrown into space, where it only company would be the sun, until eventually it would fade away, never to be read by my forgotten love.